This paper is an attempt to shed light on the projected climate change impacts, with a focus on exploring the relation between gender and climate change in the Arab region. It aims at finding answers to important questions such as how and to what extend is climate change going to impact gender relations in the region and vice versa.

The framework adopted for this paper focuses on identifying relevant theories relating to gender and environment in general with focus on climate change. The review puts particular emphasis on the impacts of climate change on important livelihood sectors, such as; water, health, biodiversity, economic development and agriculture, to assess how climate change impacts on these sectors would be differently felt by women and men and if their different perspectives and needs are taken into consideration.

The study revealed that globally, women represent seventy per cent of the people living below the poverty line and in communities that are highly dependent on local natural resources- such as in most countries of the Arab region- they are likely to be disproportionately vulnerable to the effects of climate change. It also concluded that; there is a variation between and among the different countries in the Arab region related to their vulnerability to climate change and adaptation capacity, resulting from the variations in the geographical, economical, social and political conditions. And that; the high vulnerability of the Arab region stems from a number of factors, including inter alia the poor economic development, poverty and low adaptive capacity

An important message addressing Arab governments and institutions is that they should work towards enhancing women’s access to and control over natural resources, through e.g. reforming national legislations and laws to ensure women’s access to and control of resources in order to reduce poverty, protect environmental resources, and ensure that women and other vulnerable communities can better cope with climate change.